The high rate of housing construction in 2023 significantly affected the level of occupational electrical injuries due to poor weather conditions and working in the winter season. The risk of electric shock at a construction site crucially increases in winter as heating reinforced concrete structures is mandatory. The study aims to develop design solutions to ensure safe working conditions and electrical safety at a construction site during the heating of reinforced concrete structures in winter. Electrical heating is used for concreting structures when the outdoor air temperature is expected to drop below 5 °C and the minimum daily temperature below 0 °C. The method is applied to prevent the freezing of freshly laid concrete, which can cause the formation of ice films around the reinforcement and filler grains. The study developed design solutions to ensure safe working conditions and electrical safety at a construction site when heating reinforced concrete structures in the winter season. Schemes of safe allocation of electrodes and heating wires in reinforced concrete structures, safe conditions and parameters of the use of heating wires, and safe conditions of structures’ heating and stripping are established. The technology and arrangement of work on installing electrodes and laying heating wires is described, and basic requirements for electrical safety at a construction site when heating reinforced concrete structures in winter are established. During the jobs’ performance, the safety requirements stipulated in the Occupational safety rules must be met. When assembling electrical installations, cables, and wires, the provisions of the Rules for Electrical Installations must be followed, during their operation, the Rules for the Technical Operation of Electrical Installations of Consumers of Electric Energy are applied. Employees must be trained, instructed, and provided with personal protection equipment. The heating area must be equipped with protective fencing, alarms, and safety signs. Electric wires and equipment must be in an operable state, undamaged, and insulated.
2. Bystrov V.V. Winter concreting in civil engineering. Originalnye issledovaniya = Original Research. 2018. № 2 (8). pp. 55–65. (In Russ.).
3. Bushmanova A.V., Semenov K.V., Korovina V.K. Winter concreting of floor slabs. Stroitelstvo unikalnykh zdaniy i sooruzheniy = Construction of unique buildings and structures. 2018. № 4 (67). pp. 7–18. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18720/CUBS.67.1
4. Pogodin D.A., Ukhanova M.A. Intensification of technological processes of winter concreting of monolithic buildings. Perspektivy nauki = Science Prospects. 2019. № 1 (112). pp. 63–68. (In Russ.).
5. Taniguchi M., Hama Y. A Proposal of Maturity Function on the Strength Development of Concrete Below the Freezing Point. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology. 2024. Vol. 22. Iss. 6. pp. 311–326. DOI: 10.3151/jact.22.311
6. Cui J., Duc V.N., Zhang F., Hama Y. Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors. Materials. 2022. Vol. 23. Iss. 15. DOI: 10.3390/ma15238490
7. Narantogtokh B., Nishiwaki T., Pushpalal D., Taniguchi M. Influence of pre-curing period at sub-zero temperature (–20 °С) on the compressive strength of concrete. Cement Science and Concrete Technology. 2022. Vol. 76. Iss. 1. pp. 379–385. DOI: 10.14250/cement.76.379
8. Sun Y., Lee H.S. Using maturity method to predict compressive strength of acrylic polymer concrete containing TMPTMA or silane at sub-zero curing temperatures. Composites Communications. 2023. Vol. 40. DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2023.101597
9. Zhang G., Yu H., Li H., Yang Y. Experimental study of deformation of early age concrete suffering from frost damage. Construction and Building Materials. 2019. Vol. 215. pp. 410–421. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.187
10. Choi H., Zhang W., Hama Y. Method for determining early-age frost damage of concrete by using air-permeability index and influence of early-age frost damage on concrete durability. Construction and Building Materials. 2017. Vol. 153. pp. 630–639. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.140
11. Klyuev R.V., Bosikov I.I., Gavrina O.A., Lyashenko V.I. Improving Safety and Efficiency of Power Supply to Ore Mining Sites at the High Mountain Mine. Bezopasnost Truda v Promyshlennosti = Occupational Safety in Industry. 2022. № 1. pp. 7–13. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2022-1-7-13
12. Korol E.A., Degaev E.N., Bakanov M.O. Evaluation of the Eficiency of Measures to Improve Working Conditions and Occupational Safety at the Concrete Plants. Bezopasnost Truda v Promyshlennosti = Occupational Safety in Industry. 2024. № 1. pp. 51–55. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2024-1-51-55
13. Xuan Q.N., Noguchi T., Kim J., Seunghyun N., Hama Y. Distribution map of frost resistance for cement-based materials based on pore structure change. Materials. 2020. Vol. 13. Iss. 11. DOI: 10.3390/ma13112509
14. Bai S., Guan X., Li G. Effect of the early-age frost damage and nano-SiO2 modification on the properties of Portland cement paste. Construction and Building Materials. 2020. Vol. 262. Iss. 4. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120098
15. Kolmogorova S.S., Kolmogorov A.S. Baranov, D.S., Mokryak A.V. Electromagnetic Field Monitoring Platform for Ensuring Occupational and Industrial Facilities Safety. Bezopasnost Truda v Promyshlennosti = Occupational Safety in Industry. 2022. № 2. pp. 58–63. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2022-2-58-63
16. Hu X., Peng G., Niu D., Zhao N. Damage study on service performance of early-age frozen concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2019. Vol. 210. pp. 22–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.199