Ensuring Occupational Safety in Emergency Response Associated with the Collapse of Buildings



Annotation:

The problem of ensuring occupational safety during emergency rescue operations in the event of a collapse of buildings and structures is considered. Based on the statistics of accidents in the recent years provided by the National Center for Crisis Management of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, the relevance of this topic is determined. For reducing the likelihood of injuries and fatality, it is important to clearly plan, distribute and secure technical means and people at the work sites in the time-limited conditions. To solve this problem, it is proposed to apply the improved methodology for determining the forces and means required for debris handling and rescuing victims in the event of a collapse of buildings and structures. The methodology allows calculating the number of mechanized groups, links of manual disassembly and emergency rescue tools required for carrying out work on debris handling and rescuing victims under the specified meteorological conditions using the input parameters. The output parameters of the calculation according to this methodology are the number of heavy equipment and rescuers with the indication of the amount of work performed in accordance with the level of professional skills. A software implementation of this methodology is proposed, developed for quick determination of the required forces and means for debris handling, which can also be used for preliminary planning of emergency rescue operations and filling in the sections of the use of forces and means in the technical and information-reference documentation of the objects. Application of the recommended developments in practice will allow to reduce the risk of injury and fatality during emergency response associated with the collapse of buildings.

References:
1. Aydemirov K.R. The state of the problem of progressive destruction of buildings and structures, classification of tasks and approaches to their solution. Vestnik Dagestanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Tekhnicheskie nauki = Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences. 2010. № 3 (18). pp. 117–129. (In Russ.).
2. On the state of protection of the population and territories of the Russian Federation from the natural and technogenic emergencies in 2019: state report. Moscow: MChS Rossii; FGBU VNII GOChS (FTs), 2020. 259 p. (In Russ.).
3. On the state of protection of the population and territories of the Russian Federation from the natural and technogenic emergencies in 2018: state report. Moscow: MChS Rossii; FGBU VNII GOChS (FTs), 2019. 344 p. (In Russ.).
4. On the state of protection of the population and territories of the Russian Federation from the natural and technogenic emergencies in 2017: state report. Moscow: MChS Rossii; FGBU VNII GOChS (FTs), 2018. 376 p. (In Russ.).
5. On the state of protection of the population and territories of the Russian Federation from the natural and technogenic emergencies in 2016: state report. Moscow: MChS Rossii; FGBU VNII GOChS (FTs), 2017. 360 p. (In Russ.).
6. On the state of protection of the population and territories of the Russian Federation from the natural and technogenic emergencies in 2015: state report. Moscow: MChS Rossii; FGBU VNII GOChS (FTs), 2016. 390 p. (In Russ.).
7. Lauritzen E.K. Emergency construction waste management. Safety Science. 1998. Vol. 30. Iss. 1–2. pp. 45–53.
8. Gabitov A.I., Udalova E.A., Salov A.S., Chernova A.R. Outlook in Making Criteria for Assessing Progressive Collapse of Buildings and Facilities. International science and technology conference «FarEastCon-2019»: IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020. Vol. 753. Doi:10.1088/1757-899X/753/2/022085
9. Belikov A.S., Chaplygin A.S., Ragimov S.Yu., Dmitryuk S.P. The use of special means of eliminating the consequences of the collapse at the structural elements of buildings and structures. Stroitelstvo. Materialovedenie. Mashinostroenie. Ser. Bezopasnost zhiznedeyatelnosti = Construction, materials science, mechanical engineering. Life Safety. 2013. Iss. 71 (2). pp. 35–40. (In Russ.).
10. Flint G. Fire induced collapse of tall buildings: thesis... Doctor of Philosophy Sciences. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, 2005. 393 p.
11. Starossek U. Progressive collapse of structures. London: Thomas Telford Publishing, 2009. Vol. 153. 168 p.
12. Odintsov L.G., Smelov P.T., Slomyanskiy V.P., Chumak S.P., Zhdanenko I.V., Potapova N.A. Rules for conducting emergency rescue operations in the event of the collapse of buildings and structures: manual. Moscow: FGU VNII GOChS (FTs), 2004. 100 p. (In Russ.).
13. Shoygu S.K. Provision of measures and actions of emergency response forces: textbook. In 3 parts. Pt. 2. Engineering support of measures and actions of emergency response forces. In 3 books. Book 2. Operational forecast of the engineering situation in emergency situations. Moscow: ZAO «PAPIRUS», 1998. 166 p. (In Russ.).
14. Savelev A.P., Aksenov A.A., Mishaev I.K. Calculation of the required forces and means for debris handling and rescue. Certificate of the state registration of a computer program № 2020665390. Applied: November 11, 2020. Published: November 26, 2020. (In Russ.).
15. Methodological recommendations on the procedure for the electronic passports of territories (objects). Available at: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/456080084 (accessed: December 23, 2020). (In Russ.).
DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2021-8-58-64
Year: 2021
Issue num: August
Keywords : occupational safety rescue operations collapses of buildings and structures calculation of forces and means mechanized groups manual disassembly groups software implementation
Authors:
  • Savelev A.P.
    Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Department Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
  • Aksenov A.A.
    Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Lecturer Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
  • Mishaev I.K.
    Head of the Crisis Management Center Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, Russia