Industrial noise adversely affects employees of industrial enterprises and can cause the development of various diseases, including cardiac and vascular, psychoneurological, and hearing disorders. Today, much attention is paid to industrial noise prevention. Technical acoustics experts use and upgrade various methods and tools of noise reduction. The study provides a general review and analysis of methods of industrial noise reduction. Passive methods of noise reduction include the use of various technical methods and devices, as well as the adoption of the respective administrative measures. Technical methods include noise suppression based on physical principles of sound insulation, sound absorption, vibration isolation, and vibration dumping; noise reduction at the source; and various types of mufflers. Active methods of noise suppression are based on reducing the sound pressure level by exciting sound signals in antiphase with the noise emission generated in a production room. These methods also include continuous monitoring of sound pressure levels at the workplace to ensure a prompt response and to take relevant technical or administrative measures in the event of excessive background noise. Combined noise suppression methods include using various techniques and technical noise reduction tools.
An original classification scheme of industrial noise reduction methods has been provided, and a comparative analysis of their efficiency has been conducted. Industrial noise must be reduced primarily by structurally addressing a sound-emitting source. Then, sound insulation methods, noise mufflers, and active noise suppression methods must be applied. Technical devices that use the physical process of sound absorption are less effective; however, when combined with the above-mentioned methods, they can significantly contribute to reducing the total noise level. Personal protection methods (earmuffs, earplugs, and helmet-mounted headphones) are used at the final stage, after using technical methods of industrial noise reduction. Combined methods of noise reduction are the most preferable, along with continuous monitoring of sound pressure levels, which helps reduce professional risks of noise impact on employees of industrial enterprises.
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