The relevance of the work is due to the lack of a unified methodology for assessing environmental risks from hazardous production objects in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which makes it especially in demand against the backdrop of an increase in the number of new enterprises. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for multifactorial assessment of the environmental risk from the technogenic accidents at chemically hazardous objects. The methodology uses the method of expert assessments. Employees of the Industrial Safety Committee and the Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan and their territorial subdivisions, employees of chemically hazardous objects responsible for their safe operation and environmental protection were involved as experts. Further, the statistical analysis and processing of expert assessments were carried out with the aim to determine the degree of agreement of expert opinions, to establish the final scores. This made it possible to determine the weight coefficients of the parameters and establish the final estimates for all valid values of the criteria parameters. The environmental risk of a chemically hazardous object is considered as a combination of indices of the environmental hazard of a chemically hazardous object, and the vulnerability of the environment from it. The first index is determined by the criterion parameters, united in 3 clusters: physicochemical, ecotoxicological properties of a hazardous chemical and its amount; technological equipment; and staff. After a quantitative assessment of the indicators using a matrix, it is possible to determine the level of environmental risk, both for a separate territory, and for zoning the entire territory around a chemically hazardous object. In the future, the creation of an information and analytical system based on the presented methodology will allow specialists to objectively and quickly analyze the state of the environmental safety at industrial objects, make informed management decisions aimed at reducing the environmental risk to the environment around the chemically hazardous objects, and monitor the efficiency of the measures applied.
2. Environmental Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan of January 2, 2021 № 400-VI. Available at: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/K2100000400 (accessed: June 7, 2021). (In Russ).
3. Directive 2012/18/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances, amending and subsequently repealing Council Directive 96/82/EC Text with EEA relevance. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/GA/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012L0018 (accessed: June 7, 2021).
4. On Civil Protection: The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan of April 11, 2014 № 188-V. Available at: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/Z1400000188 (accessed: June 7, 2021). (In Russ).
5. On approval of the Rules for the identification of hazardous production facilities: Order of the Minister for Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan of December 30, 2014 № 353. Available at: http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/V1400010310 (accessed: June 7, 2021). (In Russ).
6. Häkkinen J., Kiiski A., Malk V., Myyrä M, Penttinen O.-P. Kemikaalikuljetusonnettomuuteen varautuminen Kymenlaaksossa, Ympäristöriskien arviointi ja puhdistusmenetelmien valinta (Preparedness for chemical transport accident in Kymenlaakso, Evaluation of environmental risks and suitable remediation methods). Final report of the ChemRisk project. In Finnish only. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264382277_Kemikaalikuljetusonnettomuuteen_varautuminen_Kymenlaaksossa_Ymparistoriskien_arviointi_ja_puhdistusmenetelmien_valinta_Preparedness_for_chemical_transport_accident_in_Kymenlaakso_Evaluation_of_environ (accessed: June 7, 2021).
7. Häkkinen J., Malk V., Posti A., Penttinen O.-P., Mäkelä R., Kiiski A. Environmental risk assessment of the most commonly transported chemicals: case study of Finnish coastal areas. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs. 2013. Vol. 12. pp. 147–160. DOI: 10.1007/S13437-013-0046-5
8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Sustainable Futures. P2 Framework Manual 2012 EPA-748-B12-001. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-05/documents/05.pdf (accessed: June 7, 2021).
9. Andersson Å.S. Development of an Environment-Accident Index. A planning tool to protect the environment in case of a chemical accident. Available at: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:141970/FULLTEXT01.pdf (accessed: June 7, 2021).
10. Shao Ch., Yang J., Tian X., Ju M., Huang L. Integrated Environmental Risk Assessment and Whole-Process Management System in Chemical Industry Parks. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2013. № 10. pp. 1609–1630. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10041609
11. Kidam K., Hurme M., Hassim M.H. Technical Analysis of Accident in Chemical Process Industry and Lessons Learnt. Chemical Engineering Transactions. 2010. Vol. 19. pp. 451–456. DOI: 10.3303/CET1019074
12. Collection of methods for predicting possible accidents, catastrophes, natural disasters in the RSChS. Book 2. Available at: https://meganorm.ru/Data2/1/4293767/4293767471.pdf (accessed: June 7, 2021). (In Russ).
13. Investigation and accounting of injuries and accidents: collection of reports. Ser. 29. Iss. 1. 4-e izd., ispr. Moscow: ZAO NTTs PB, 2010. 220 p. (In Russ).
14. GOST 25100—95. Soils. Classification. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200000030 (accessed: June 7, 2021). (In Russ).