The article is dedicated to the current environmental issues associated with ore mining development, which are caused by dust and industrial waste contamination of the atmosphere from mining enterprises. Methods such as generalization, systematization, analysis, modelling, experimentation, calculations, and engineering forecasting have been employed. The mechanism of contaminant formation has been characterized. The concept of humanization of mining technologies based on the reduction of chemical contamination hazards via permanent leaching of metals has been formulated. Volumes and areas of storage for the North Caucasus ore processing tailings, along with their metal content, have been determined. The role of traditional technologies and new leaching technologies in the environmental contamination by liquid processing waste has been detailed. The results of the morbidity analysis among the population of mining residential areas, causally associated with environmental contamination by heavy metals, have been provided. Features of the negative impact of mining production on the environment at the stages of ore deposit development have been differentiated. A model has been developed to assess the environmental damage caused by natural mineral leaching products at the stages of reserve development, as well as the damage to flora and fauna. Measures to minimize the hazardous impact of processing tailings on the environment at the stages of deposit development have been generalized. As shown, ore processing tailing burials in an underground dump do not hamper the process of natural leaching. Notably, the issue in question can only be addressed by waste disposal. The results of ore leaching in a high-speed disintegrator mill to obtain products that can be disposed of without any sanitary restrictions are provided. It has been shown that chemical nature factors are dominant in the development of illnesses among employees, whereas the relationship between the number of ill individuals and the level of environmental contamination is regular. The mechanism by which heavy metals impact the bodies of residents in mining areas has been explored. It has been concluded that efficient environmental protection and health protection for mining production employees can only be ensured when metals are extracted from processing tailings through leaching with mechanochemical activation of the processes.
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