The problem of occupational diseases among the employees involved in the development of open-cut mining coal fields is considered as the threat to the social and economic well-being of the country. In turn, the brief description is provided concerning coal industry of Russia and Kemerovo region, production facilities and the volumes of coal mining, information on conducting special assessment of working conditions and its results, the state of working conditions and occupational illness in the industry are presented. The main harmful factors of the production environment and the labor process, which effect the pathological changes in the body of the employees, are given. On the basis of the research the indicators and the coal industry from 1996 to 2015 are presented. The analysis of risk of the employee occupational diseases at the development of open-cut coal fields depending on the work experience is presented. The key problems of the organization of working conditions at the currently developed sections are indicated. The structure of occupational diseases development based on the service record, and taking into account the effect of harmful production factors is presented. Distribution of key occupational diseases among the employees in the sections is given. The need in taking measures on strengthening of control over the health condition of the employees falling into the risk group of the formation of occupational diseases is indicated. Functional dependence of risk of establishing the occupational diseases of the employee in the section on the work experience in the presence of harmful production factors has been determined. Preventive services are proposed concerning reduction of occupational risks from exposure to harmful production factors when conducting open-cut mining operations.