Solving the Problems of Aerology and Ecology of Quarries in the Conditions of Mutual Influence of the Atmosphere of Worked-out Spaces and the Territories Surrounding Them



Annotation:

The article substantiates the statement that the atmosphere of quarries is inseparable from the atmosphere of the territories adjacent to them. The manifestation of this relationship is expressed in an increase in air pollution in the areas where quarries are located, and in air pollution of quarries from external sources (dumps, factories, plants, power plants, plots of land with no vegetation, etc.).

Measures to reduce air pollution inside quarries simultaneously reduce the harmful impact of open-pit mining on the environment. The use of artificial ventilation without dust and gas suppression can lead to the release of the large number of hazards outside the quarry and will have a very negative impact on the characteristics of the atmosphere of the surrounding areas. Therefore, when choosing means to combat hazards, it is required to give preference to means that trap or suppress dust and neutralize gases in the places of their formation.

The influence of the main factors and parameters of the development of open-pit mining on the sanitary and hygienic conditions in the quarry and adjacent territories is analyzed and substantiated.

When assessing the influence of various factors on the atmosphere of quarries and the air environment of the surrounding space, it is required also to remember about external sources of pollution, which are either an integral part of the technological chain of mining operations (external dumps, roads, warehouses, etc.), or simply located near the quarries. Sometimes the influence of external sources alone leads to exceeding the maximum allowable concentration of dust in a quarry. 

The influence of the ventilation schemes of quarries on both the air exchange in the developed spaces and the atmosphere of the surrounding territories is also of interest. Recommendations are given that can be useful in the design of quarries, when, in particular, there are several options for technological solutions and the conditions of natural ventilation of the developed space may be decisive.

The problems of open pit aerology and the protection of the air environment of the surrounding territories should be considered inextricably linked due to their close mutual influence.

To reduce the level of air pollution, the necessary measures should be envisaged, involving the resources of both quarries and local governments.

The study of the problems of protecting the atmosphere should not be limited to the issues of its pollution, but also cover other air-related problems of deterioration in the working and living conditions of all those living in the region.

References:
1. Parakhonskiy E.V. Occupational safety in quarries: textbook. Мoscow: Nedra, 1988. 197 p. (In Russ.).
2. Mikhaylov A.M. Environmental protection during open-pit mining. Мoscow: Nedra, 1981. 185 p. (In Russ.).
3. Nikitin V.S., Bitkolov N.Z. Quarry ventilation. Мoscow: Nedra, 1975. 256 p. (In Russ.).
4. Nazarenko N.V., Petin A.N., Furmanova T.N. Effects development of deposits common mineral resources on the environment. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya = Modern problems of science and education. 2012. № 6. (In Russ.).
5. Tomakov P.I., Kovalenko V.S., Mikhaylov A.M., Kalashnikov A.T. Ecology and nature protection in open-pit mining. Мoscow: МГГУ, 1994. 418 с. (In Russ.).
6. Ushakov K.Z. Life safety: textbook for universities. Мoscow: Izd-vo MGGU, 2000. 430 p. (In Russ.).
7. Dragunskiy O.N. On the interaction of the atmosphere of quarries, the air environment surrounding their territories and the efficiency of production. Gornyy informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten (nauchno-tekhnicheskiy zhurnal) = Mining informational and analytical bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2019. № S10. pp. 95–103. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2019-5-10-95-103
8. Konorev M.M., Nesterenko G.F., Pavlov A.I. Ventilation and dust and gas suppression in the atmosphere of quarries. Yekaterinburg: UrO RAN, 2010. 440 p. (In Russ.).
9. Nikitin V.S., Bitkolov N.Z. Ventilation design in quarries. Мoscow: Nedra, 1980. 171 p. (In Russ.).
10. Dragunskiy O.N., Sokolovskaya M.B., Sokov A.L. Selection of the optimal operating mode of the quarry considering the weather conditions of the mining area. Organizatsiya i upravlenie gornym proizvodstvom: tez. dokl. Vsesoyuzn. nauch. konf. V 2 ch. Ch. 2.(Organization and management of mining production: theses of the reports of the All-Union Scientific Conference. In 2 parts. Pt. 2.). Moscow: Moscow Gornyy Institute, 1978. pp. 103. (In Russ.).
11. Ushakov K.Z., Mikhaylov V.A. Aerology of quarries: textbook for universities. Мoscow: Nedra, 1985. 272 p. (In Russ.).
12. Labile-Tokpa Nieba. Substantiation of technology parameters and organization of mining operations for the development of mineral deposits by open method in a tropical climate: thesis ... Candidate of Technical Sciences. Мoscow: RUDN, 1994. 15 p. (In Russ.).
13. Zorin A.V. Aerology of quarries: textbook. Murmansk: Izd-vo MGTU, 2015. 119 p. (In Russ.).
14. Eremin G.M. Development of methods, ways, and technologies for achieving high production rates in the work of the Tsentralny upland mine in difficult climatic and topographic conditions close to the Arctic (based on the materials of the competitive work). Part 2. Gornyy informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten (nauchno-tekhnicheskiy zhurnal) = Mining informational and analytical bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2007. № 12. pp. 5–16. (In Russ.).
15. Shakhray S.G. Aerology of quarries: study guide for practical works. Krasnoyarsk: SFU, 2014. 49 p. (In Russ.).
DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-1-35-41
Year: 2023
Issue num: January
Keywords : environment ecology factors dust atmosphere open-pit mining pollution gases quarry aerology artificial ventilation influence
Authors:
  • Kolikov K.S.
    Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Assoc. Prof., Head of the Department, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Moscow, Russian Federation
  • Dragunskiy O.N.
    Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assoc. Prof., Senior Research Assistant National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia