The study considers the problem of ensuring safety during recovery operations at industrial facilities, which is specifically crucial in conditions when modernization and restructuration of outdated infrastructure are required. The authors suggest a systemic-structural approach to the analysis of a complex system «industrial site — technology — environment» that provides the interaction of all its components including engineering, environmental, and socioeconomic factors. The importance of consideration of the human factor that is often underestimated as well as the impact of external conditions such as climate and the state of environment are emphasized. The proposed systemic approach expands the traditional concept of reliability by including not only the absence of failures but also the ability of the system to implement its basic task, i.e., recovering a facility. In order to do that, an integral index that comprehensively reflects the performance and reliability of the system is introduced. Two key indices, δn and δо, that enable the comparison of the real performance of the system with the ideal, are analyzed, which helps to detect bottlenecks and areas for improvement. Notably, the analysis of a complex recovery system requires considering both separate elements and the entire system. An example of an accident on an erecting mast is provided to illustrate that reliability depends not only on technical parameters but also on the interaction of process participants. The necessity of feedback in the system to promptly detect and eliminate deviations has been emphasized. The authors conclude that the systemic approach is a crucial condition to establish efficient and safe technologies of recovery production considering both engineering aspects and the human factor, which will help to minimize risks and increase the efficiency of recovery of industrial facilities.
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