Due to their economic and productive instability, the small businesses very rarely become the objects of control by the state inspection services, in particular, in the field of ensuring occupational safety. Newly created enterprises are provided by the state with tax benefits and other types of state preferences aimed at support and development. Under various government programs, small businesses can be exempted from any inspections for up to three years. At the same time, due to concessions, the occupational safety system in these enterprises often suffers, such a superior attitude can lead to the following consequences: complete lack of understanding and responsibility for occupational safety in their organization; getting used to and subsequently ignoring the rules of occupational health and safety; gaps in knowledge in matters of ensuring the safety of their employees; increasing risks to the life and health of the employees.
The authors of the article came to the conclusion that in order to eradicate the above consequences, one should start with the latter, namely, the study of risks for employees in small enterprises.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing methods for assessing production risks for the life and health of employees and their application in small businesses entities.
It is determined that the risk assessment system has improved in recent years. A large number of different methodologies and methods of risk analysis was developed and practically proven, but at the same time it was found that their use in small enterprises due to their characteristics is not always possible. As a result, a methodology was recommended for assessing production risk in the small enterprises synthesized based on other methods. This methodology considers the quantitative indicators of dangerous actions, hazardous working conditions and their ratio to the number of implemented events based on the severity of the harm caused to health. The proposed risk analysis methodology was practically tested in several small enterprises with various types of activities and confirmed its efficiency.
2. Zanko N.G., Malayan K.R., Rusak O.N. Life safety: textbook. Saint Petersburg: Izdatelstvo «Lan», 2007. 672 p. (In Russ.).
3. On measures to improve the structure of labor bodies and strengthen the system of protection of labor rights and labor protection of citizens: Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on August 20, 2018, № PP-3913. Available at: https://lex.uz/docs/4213624 (accessed: January 10, 2023). (In Russ.).
4. The number of industrial injuries at work was increased in 2020. Available at: https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2021/02/04/incidents (accessed: January 10, 2023). (In Russ.).
5. On measures for the transition to the international system of classification of types of economic activity: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August 2, 2016, № 275. Available at: https://lex.uz/docs/3019920 (accessed: January 10, 2023). (In Russ.).
6. GOST R 58771—2019. Risk management. Risk assessment technologies. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200170253 (accessed: January 10, 2023). (In Russ.).
7. On measures to implement the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On compulsory insurance of the employer civil liability»: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated June 24, 2009, № 177. Available at: https://lex.uz/docs/1493387 (accessed: January 10, 2023). (In Russ.).
8. On further improvement of the occupational safety measures for employees: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 15, 2014, № 263. Available at: https://lex.uz/docs/2463975 (accessed: January 10, 2023). (In Russ.).
9. Timofeeva S.S., Timofeev S.S, Boboev A.A. Assessment of the professional risks in the mining and extraction of gold from the ores of the Muruntau deposit. Gornyy vestnik Uzbekistana = Mining bulletin of Uzbekistan. 2020. № 2 (81). pp. 107–111. (In Russ.).
10. On the further development of the market of services in the field of occupational safety: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April 27, 2017, № 246. URL: https://lex.uz/docs/3184926 (accessed: January 10, 2023). (In Russ.).
11. Molchanova T.M. Assessment of Occupational Risks for Vodokanal Sewer Treatment Facilities Workers (Irkutsk). XXI vek. Tekhnosfernaya bezopasnost = XXI Century. Technosphere Safety. 2022. Vol. 7. № 2. pp. 158–167. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-158-167
12. Kvitkina M.V. Improving the efficiency of the occupational safety management system in construction based on the theory of risk management: thesis... Candidate of Technical Sciences. Volgograd, 2022. 157 p. (In Russ.).
13. Suvorov S.B. A comprehensive method for assessing the injury risk of workplaces: thesis... Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow, 2009. 124 p. (In Russ.).
14. Zilberman A.S. The role of occupational safety and its state in the modern production. Molodoy uchenyy = Young Scientist. 2019. № 6 (244). pp. 277–279. (In Russ.).
15.Voroshilov A.S., Novikov N.N. Injury Constant (Injury Number Estimating. Injury Risk Estimating). Bezopasnost i okhrana truda = Occupational health and safety. 2016. № 1 (66). pp. 4–8. (In Russ.).