The most drastic consequences are accidents at hazardous production facilities of I and II hazard classes, to which Rostechnadzor pays specific attention at risk-oriented approach. At the same time, the status of industrial safety at hazardous production facilities of III and IV hazard classes is controlled less thoroughly, as evidenced by the simplified procedure for such facilities inspection provided for in the Federal law.
The draft Federal Law of July 21, 1997 № 116-FZ «On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities» proposes replacing the industrial safety expertise of technical devices with conducting technical diagnostics and making a conclusion. At the risk-oriented approach to ensuring industrial safety, big responsibility for its state at hazardous production facilities of III and IV hazard classes is imposed on the owners of the enterprises. In this connection, the role of external control over the condition of the equipment with expired service life is increasing.
Technical diagnostics gives an objective assessment of the equipment condition based on the visual assessment and indications of the diagnostic devices (external and embedded). It is also required to assess the compliance of the real state of the machines with the regulatory requirements, and in case if the specified resource is over — the possibility of extending the service life. The specialist conducting diagnostics should have a sufficient experience to solve these problems, since only conclusions based on the results of technical diagnostics are of value to the owner when making a decision on the further operation of the technical device which standard service life or resource is over.
There are three options for performing mandatory technical diagnostics: when the technical device reaches the service life or resource designated by the developer (or designer); in the absence of data on the assigned service life or resource — after 10 years of operation; after conducting work related to the change in the design, replacement of the bearing elements material, restoration of the technical device after an accident. The aspects are considered concerning the use of technical diagnostics for these purposes and the requirements to the specialists performing this work.
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