The methodological analysis of the requirements for the prevention of forest fire onset and spread has demonstrated that at the design, development, and maintenance of forest sites, it is required to apply various proven methods enabling the assessment of risk of damage to hazardous production facilities protected from forest fires (upper and ground fires) via the selection of fire protection measures in forests, such as forest fire prevention, fire hazard and forest fire monitoring in forests, and forest fire extinguishing. The expert method, the system analysis methods, and the methods of management theory and decision-making were applied in order to solve the problems.
The topicality of the study covered in the article is the analysis of fire safety requirements in forests and the development of informational and analytical support for the decision-making when evaluating the probability of the onset of forest fire and the risk of damage to the adjacent hazardous production facilities caused by a forest fire (upper fire, ground fire) in accordance with the calculation methodologies applied for specific situations, based on the expert method.
The industrial safety management system and the industrial safety requirements must ensure the identification, analysis, and forecast of accident risk at hazardous production facilities, as well as the planning and implementation of fire safety measures and risk reduction.
The scope of studies is industrial facilities, the Federal Forestry Agency, expert activities, activities of insurance companies, scientific activities, and individuals competent in forest fire safety (experts).
To ensure the fire safety of hazardous production facilities, it is required to assess the risk of the onset and spread of a forest fire (upper fire, ground fire). In order to determine a safe allocation of forest stands and ensure the safe operation of firefighting subdivisions during forest fire extinguishing, it is required to apply the proposed expert method associated with the control of activities of the body responsible for the implementation of measures of planning, development and maintenance of forest stands at the exercise of official powers.
2. On industrial safety of hazardous production facilities: Federal Law of July 21, 1997 № 116-FZ. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/9046058 (accessed: December 20, 2023). (In Russ.).
3. Kvanina V.V., Makarova T.I. Systemic problems in the legal provision of environmental insurance at the federal and regional levels. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo = Tomsk State University Journal of Law. 2021. № 39. pp. 159–173. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17223/22253513/39/13
4. Cohen J.D. Relating flame radiation to home ignition using modeling and experimental crown fires. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 2004. Vol. 34. № 8. рр. 1616–1626. DOI: 10.1139/x04-049
5. Gordienko D.M. Fires and fire safety in 2020: statistical collection. Moscow: VNIIPO, 2021. 112 p. (In Russ).
6. Nazarov S. A., Voloshenko A. A., Shipitsyn S. A., Shevtsov M. V. The Concept of Creating and Developingan Integrated Method for Assessing the Risk of Forest Fires on Human Settlements. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogogosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija: Upravlenie, vychislitelnaja tekhnika, informatika. Meditsinskoe priborostroenie = Proceedings o f the Southwest State University. Series: Control, Computer Engineering, Information Science. Medical Instruments Engineering. 2022. Vol. 12. № 4. pp. 102–121. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21869/2223-1536-2022-12-4-102-121
7. Zhdanova A.O., Voitkov I.S., Kuznetsov G.V., Shlegel N.E., Khasanov I.R., Kopylov N.P. Localization of ground, crown, and combined forest fires with the use of a barrier strip. Inzhenerno-fizicheskiy zhurnal = Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics. 2020. Vol. 93. № 3. pp. 646–654. (In Russ.).
8. On approval of the Rules of fire safety regime in the Russian Federation (with changes as of October 24, 2022): the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 16, 2020 № 1479. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/565837297 (accessed: December 20, 2023). (In Russ.).
9. SP 4.13130.2013. Systems of fire protection. Restriction of fire spread at object of defense. Requirements to special layout and structural decisions. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200101593 (accessed: December 20, 2023). (In Russ.).
10. GOST R 57972—2017. Objects of fire protection arrangement of forests. General requirements. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200157751 (accessed: December 20, 2023). (In Russ.).
11. Shevtsov M.V., Aksenov V.V., Safronov R.I., Shulga L.V., Degtyarev S.V. Mobile System for Monitoring, Early Detection and Assessment of Fire Danger. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Upravlenie, vychislitelnaya tekhnika, informatika. Meditsinskoe priborostroenie = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Control, Computer Engineering, Information Science. Medical Instruments Engineering. 2021. Vol. 11. № 3. pp. 8–25. (In Russ.).
12. Danilov M.M., Denisov A.N., Gundar S.V., Zaharevsky V.B., Danilovа M.А. The basic action model in practice of software application by the incident commander. Tekhnologii tekhnosfernoj bezopasnosti = Technology of Technosphere Safety. 2018. № 2 (19). pp. 76–86. (In Russ.).
13. Koshmarov Yu.A., Bashkirtsev M.P. Thermodynamics and heat transfer in the fire fighting. Мoscow: Vysshaya inzhenernaya i pozharno-tekhnicheskaya shkola MVD SSSR, 1987. 440 p. (In Russ).
14. Roytman M.Ya. Fire-fighting rationing in construction. Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1985. 590 p. (In Russ).
15. Lobaev I.A., Kaziev M.M., Voloshenko A.A., Bezborodov V.I. Full-scale fire experiment to assess the flammability of materials when exposed to a heat flux. Tekhnologii tekhnosfernoj bezopasnosti = Technology of Technosphere Safety. 2019. № 4 (86). pp. 37–44 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.25257/TTS.2019.4.86.37-44
16. FireSmart Guidebook for community protection: a guidebook for wildland/urban interface communities. Edmonton: Environment and Sustainable Resource Development, 2013. 100 p.
17. Volkov R.S., Kuznetsov G.V., Strizhak P.A. Experimental study of the suppression of flaming combustion and thermal decomposition of model ground and crown forest fires. Fizika goreniya i vzryva = Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves. 2017. Vol. 53. № 6. рр. 67–78. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15372/FGV20170608
18. Kozlachkov V.I., Lobaev I.A., Voloshenko A.A. The problem of fire risk assessment in applying the fire safety requirements to limit the spread of fire. Tekhnologii tekhnosfernoy bezopasnosti = Technosphere of Security Technologies. 2016. № 2 (66). pp. 79–81. (In Russ.).
19. Nazarov S.A., Podgrushny A.V., Voloshenko A.A. Development of the Fire Unit Hazard Assessment when Organizing Fire Extinguishing at the Production Facilities. Bezopasnost Truda v Promyshlennosti = Occupational Safety in Industry. 2022. № 4. pp. 29–34. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2022-4-29-34