Regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation established that the control and supervisory body, when exercising state control (supervision), municipal control, assigns the objects of control to one of six categories of risk of causing harm. In this case, the criteria for assigning the objects of control to the categories of risk of causing harm should be formed based on the results of assessment of risk causing harm.
In Russia, the distribution of buildings and structures of a different class of functional fire hazard by risk category has so far been carried out based on practical experience of the activity of the state fire control bodies of EMERCOM of Russia.
The paper analyzes the reasons that do not allow the use of classical methods.
The aim of the work is to justify the frequency of scheduled inspections of the objects of control by the state fire supervision authorities. For this, the criterion is formulated for assigning the objects of protection to that or that category of risk causing harm.
As a criterion for assigning the object of control to the categories of risk causing harm it is proposed to use the level of fire protection of buildings (structures) of different class of functional fire hazard. Mathematical model is developed for defining the level of buildings fire protection, and the assessment of its values for buildings (structures) of a different class of functional fire hazard is given.
The distribution of objects of control (objects of protection) is made by categories of risk causing harm (damage) depending on the calculated value of their fire protection level. It is shown that the distribution of the objects of control by risk categories significantly depends on their level of details in the fire record card of the characteristics of the building in which the fire occurred. Optimal terms are proposed for conducting scheduled inspections of the objects of control depending on the risk category to which they are assigned. Suggestions are formulated concerning the improvement of risk-oriented approach in the activity of the state fire supervision authorities of EMERCOM of Russia.
- On the protection of the rights of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs at the implementation of state control (supervision) and municipal control: Federal law of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2008 № 294-FZ. Available at: https://rg.ru/2008/12/30/prava-kontrol-dok.html (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).
- On the federal state fire supervision: Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 12, 2012 № 290. Available at: https://rg.ru/2012/04/24/gospozhnadzor-dok.html (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).
- On the state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation: draft of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated December 3, 2019 № 850621-7. Available at: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/554562291 (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).
- Hampton P. Reducing administrative burdens: effective inspection and enforcement. Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/bud05hampton_150305_640.pdf (accessed: January 30, 2020).
- Black J. Risk-based regulation: choices, practices and lessons being learnt. Risk and regulatory policy. Improving the governance of risk. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2010. pp. 185–237.
- GCH. Available at: https://gcn.com/Articles/2013/08/01/FDNY-data-analytics.aspx? (accessed: January 30, 2020).
- Control and supervision activity in the Russian Federation: Analytical report — 2013. Moscow: MAKS Press, 2014. 272 p. (In Russ.).
- Technical regulation on fire safety requirements: Federal Law of the Russian Federation of July 22, 2008 № 123-FZ (as amended on December 27, 2018). Available at: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/902111644 (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).
- Reform of inspection of the conformity with safety rules: international experience in risk-oriented approach implementation. Available at: https://bstudy.net/628848/ekonomika/reformirovanie_proverok_sootvetstviya_pravilam_bezopasnosti_mezhdunarodnyy_opyt_vnedreniya_risk_orienti#807 (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).
- GOST R ISO/ IEC 31010—2011. Risk management. Risk assessment methods (ISO/ IEC 31010: 2009. Risk management — Risk assessment techniques (IDT). Available at: https:// ivan-shamaev.ru/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/31010-2011_Russia.pdf (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).
- Solodov A.K. Fundamentals of financial risk management: textbook and manual. Moscow: Izdanie Aleksandra K. Solodova, 2018. 286 p. (In Russ.).
- Lesnykh V.V., Litvin Yu.V. Methodology of the integrated assessment of risk events by qualitatively and quantitatively specified factors. Available at: https://www.muiv.ru/vestnik/pdf/eu/eu_2012_1_122_135.pdf (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).
- Saaty T. Mathematical Principles of Decision Making (Principia Mathematica Decernendi). Pittsburgh: RWS Publications, 2010.
- Determination of risk level and its dimension. Available at: https://cyberpedia.su/14x132d2.html (accessed: January 31, 2020). (In Russ.).
- Minaev S.N., Gavriley V.M Assessment of fire protection level of the objects of national economy. Voprosy ekonomiki v pozharnoy okhrane: sb. st. (Economic Issues in Fire Protection: digest of articles). Iss. 3. Moscow: VNIIPO MVD SSSR, 1974. pp. 58–67. (In Russ.).
- Kharisov G.Kh. Economic equivalent of human life. Moscow: Akademiya. GPS MChS Rossii, 2016. 64 p. (In Russ.).
- Bykov A.A. On the methodology of economic assessment of the life of statistically average person (explanatory note). Problemy analiza riska = Issues of Risk Analysis. 2007. Vol. 4. № 2. pp. 178–191. (In Russ.).
- On the obligatory insurance of civil liability of the owner of a hazardous object for causing harm as a result of an accident at a hazardous object: Federal Law of the Russian Federation of July 27, 2010 № 225-FZ. Available at: https://rg.ru/2010/08/02/osgo-dok.html (accessed: January 31, 2020). (In Russ.).
- Rules for the implementation of compensation payments to the victims by the National Association of Liability Insurers, and the distribution of responsibility for the obligations of the National Association of Liability Insurers related to the implementation of compensation payments among its members: rules of insurers professional activity. Available at: https://nsso.ru/affected/opo/docs_for_pay/ppd_cv.pdf (accessed: January 31, 2020). (In Russ.).
- Matyushin A.V., Kondashov A.A., Matyushin Yu.A., Sibirko V.I. Methodology for substantiating the optimal frequency of conducting scgeduled inspections of fire-prevention state of the objects of protection by GosPozhNadzor of EMERCOM of Russia. Pozharnaya bezopasnost = Fire Safety. 2019. № 2. pp. 72–80. (In Russ.).
- On the formation of electronic data bases for recording fires and their consequences: Order of EMERCOM of Russia dated December 24, 2018 № 625. Available at: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/5i52366056 (accessed: January 30, 2020). (In Russ.).