V.I. Golik, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., v.i.golik@mail.ru Ju.I. Razorenov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Rector FGBOU VPO «North Caucasian State Technological University», Vladikavkaz, Russia
Sickness and injury rate at the underground mines as a consequence of finding of miners in heavy and dangerous conditions of mining practice is briefly analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the traditional technology of metals mining by underground method with delivery of the entire volume of rock mass to the ground surface are shown. The essence of the technology of minerals underground leaching is characterized as a possibility to minimize the contact of miners with ore by limiting its volumes delivered to the ground surface. The concept of ore underground leaching is formulated. Information on the practice of underground uranium leaching at the enterprises of Minsredmash of the USSR is given. The conceptions about the processes of underground leaching of the broken down ores by the infiltration flows of solutions of chemical reagents are detailed. Based on the example of a particular field, the technical possibility and economic conditions are justified concerning an involvement of poor and off-balance ores in production (with decrease in volumes of transportation and delivery to the surface of mineral masses for treatment) as means of improving labor safety in the underground operations. It is shown that the possibility of involving in mining of minerals deposits being deposited in the complicated mining and geological conditions or represented by poor ores, the development of which is currently unprofitable by traditional methods, expands the mineral resource base of mining industry, especially since the reconstruction of the enterprise infrastructure is carried out without significant additional capital investments. The conclusion is made that the rational use of the combined technologies with involvement of the off-balance reserves in production allows for solving a complex of the main problems of mining practice, as well as reducing the danger of employees sickness and injury rate by decrease of ores delivery to the ground surface, increasing the use of subsurface resources by extraction off-balance reserves, improving economy of the enterprises, and the possibility of solving social problems.
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