The study is dedicated to the problem of the reduction of the incidence among mining enterprise workers and residents of residential areas of the mountainous region under the impact of metallization in processes of mineral extraction and processing.
The relevance of the study is caused by the progressing deterioration of the conditions of existence of living matter in connection with the chemicalization of the environment with wastewater. The wastewater is a transporting medium that defines the quality of the environment. The research methodology includes the generalization and analysis of the practical experience, theoretical studies, lab and production experiments, and data processing with the systemic analysis of results. The concepts of the quality and quantity of mine waters are detailed. The link between the condition of the environment and the health of residents of working settlements has been specified. The relevance of the problem of transgression of products of chemical transformation of metals has been characterized. The quantitative indices of the contamination of rivers of the Russian South by heavy metals, including tailings of mining and processing of metal deposits, have been provided. The practices of application of wastewater treatment technologies from hazardous ingredients have been analyzed; the method of electrochemical treatment has been recommended for use with the specification of its working mechanism. The pattern of the process of titration of sodium carbonate with a strong acid has been established. The mechanism of metal contamination of the hydrosphere by effluents with metals leaching by a resulting sulfur acid has been formulated. An approximate composition of the studied effluents has been provided. The wastewater treatment in accordance with the electrochemical technology has been recommended; quantitative indices of its use have been provided. It has been noted that the electrochemical wastewater treatment method not only ensures efficient removal of hard salts but also reduces the content of ions. It has been demonstrated that the anolyte obtained during the treatment process can be used in workflows whereas catholyte can be used in processes of the deposition of metal components; when anolyte and catholyte are neutralized, cleaner water can be obtained if compared with the original water.
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Citation: Golik, V.I.; Klyuev, R.V.;
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