The goal of the study is to assess the thermal radiation intensity from normally operating equipment and to determine the thermal-damage area radii during emergency spills of petroleum products at primary oil-refining units. Full-scale instrumental measurements were conducted using an actinometric method and mathematical modeling of thermal radiation fields in accordance with the requirements of the Russian regulatory framework.
As established, thermal loads at operator workplaces adjacent to tubular furnaces reach 1400 W/m², which significantly exceed the permissible standards. Through calculations, the pool fire parameters for gasoline and diesel fuel have been determined for an area of 300 m², and critical damage areas formation (up to 10.5 kW/m²) has been identified within a radius of up to 25 m.
For the first time, a comprehensive comparison of scheduled and extreme thermal fields at workplaces of the Russian units of the atmospheric-vacuum tubular oil distillation, including the development of detailed heat maps and territorial zoning, has been conducted. The obtained results substantiate the need to modernize personnel’s passive heat protection systems and to revise safe distance standards at oil-refining plants in the Russian Federation.
Shevtsov S.A., Bykov I.A., Eskova N.V., Vladimirov D.I., Baltabaev D.R. Assessment of potential fire risk for the operator of the reservoir park from influence of dangerous factors of the fire. Vestnik Voronezhskogo instituta GPS MChS Rossii = Bulletin of Voronezh Institute of the State Firefighting Service of the EMERCOM of Russia. 2018. № 2 (27). pp. 82–88. (In Russ.).
2. Оценка распространения тепловой радиации в особых условиях / Ю.В. Гамера, Ю.Ю. Петрова, С.В. Овчаров, Л.В. Ягупова // Безопасность труда в промышленности. 2021. № 11. С. 13–20. DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2021-11-13-20
Gamera Yu.V., Petrova Yu.Yu., Ovcharov S.V., Yagupova L.V. Assessment of the Thermal Radiation Spread in Special Conditions. Bezopasnost Truda v Promyshlennosti = Occupational Safety in Industry. 2021. № 11. pp. 13–20. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2021-11-13-20
3. Теличкина Э.Р., Мемедейкина Н.П. Процессы и аппараты химических технологий, нефтехимии и биотехнологии // Нефтегазовые технологии и экологическая безопасность. 2025. № 3. C. 35–42. DOI: 10.24143/1812-9498-2025-3-35-42
Telichkina E.R., Memedeykina N.P. Processes and apparatus of chemical engineering, petroleum chemistry and biotechnology. Neftegazovye tekhnologii i ekologicheskaya bezopasnost = Oil and gas technologies and environmental safety. 2025. № 3. pp. 35–42. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24143/1812-9498-2025-3-35-42
4. Васнёв И.Р., Федорова Н.Н. Влияние мощности теплового источника на структуру высокоскоростного потока и теплообмен со стенками канала // Прикладная механика и техническая физика. 2025. № 5 (393). С. 117–127. DOI: 10.15372/PMTF202515675
Vasnev I.R., Fedorova N.N. Effect of Heat Source Power on the Structure of a High-Velocity Flow and Heat Transfer with Channel Walls. Prikladnaya mekhanika i tekhnicheskaya fizika = Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics. 2025. № 5. рр. 117–127. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15372/PMTF202515675
5. Buldu B. Effect of Heat Transfer on Fire Development Stages and Spread of Fire. Social Science Development Journal. 2023. Vol. 8. Iss. 1. pp. 1–10. DOI: 10.31567/ssd.889
6. Khan N., Sutherland D., Wadhwani R., Moinuddin K. Physics-based simulation of heat load on structures for improving construction standards for bushfire prone areas. Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering. 2019. Vol. 5. DOI: 10.3389/fmech.2019.00035
7. Ingason H., Li Y.Z., Lönnermark A. Heat Flux and Thermal Resistance. Tunnel Fire Dynamics. Springer, 2015. pp. 249–290. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2199-7_10
8. Tiwari M.K., Chaudhary A., Mishra R.K., Kumar A.A., Tauseef S.M., Varghese S., Kumar R. Compartment heat flux measurement under elevated pool fires. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2025. Vol. 150. рр. 15595–15607. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-025-14808-2
9. Прогнозирование ожоговых травм при испытаниях специальной защитной одежды пожарных на стенде «Термоманекен» / В.И. Логинов, К.Э. Архиреев, И.Д. Игнатова, Д.А. Некрасов // Безопасность труда в промышленности. 2021. № 10. С. 21–26. DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2021-10-21-26
Loginov V.I., Arkhireev K.E., Ignatova I.D., Nekrasov D.A. Prediction of Burn Injuries during Testing of Special Protective Clothing for Firefighters at the Thermomanequin Test Bench. Bezopasnost Truda v Promyshlennosti = Occupational Safety in Industry. 2021. № 10. рр. 21–26. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2021-10-21-26
10. Фомичев Л.Ю., Минаева И.А., Жарков О.И. Комплексная система управления пожарной безопасностью на объектах нефтегазовой отрасли, основанная на принципах фрактального анализа // Автоматизация и информатизация ТЭК. 2025. № 8 (625). С. 5–13.
Fomichev L.Yu., Minaeva I.A., Zharkov O.I. Comprehensive fire safety management system for oil and gas industry facilities, based on the principles of fractal analysis. Avtomatizatsiya i informatizatsiya TEK = Automation and Informatization of the Fuel and Energy Complex. 2025. № 8 (625). рр. 5–13. (In Russ.).
11. Фомичев Л.Ю., Жарков О.И. Совершенствование моделирования процесса эвакуации людей с учетом влияния задымления на параметры движения различных групп мобильности // Пожарная безопасность. 2025. № 4 (121). С. 36–47. DOI: 10.37657/vniipo.pb.2025.4.121.003
Fomichev L.Yu., Zharkov O.I. Enhancement of evacuation process modeling accounting for smoke obscuration effects on movement parameters of diverse mobility groups. Pozharnaya bezopasnost = Fire Safety. 2025. № 4 (121). рр. 36–47. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.37657/vniipo.pb.2025.4.121.003
12. Фомичев Л.Ю. Способ автоматизированного контроля и диагностики спринклерной системы пожаротушения и внутреннего противопожарного водопровода: сб. тр. конкурса НИР (материалы молодежной программы 29-й Междунар. специализ. выставки-форума). М.: Ассоциация разработчиков, изготовителей и поставщиков средств индивидуальной защиты, 2025. С. 28–30.
Fomichev L.Yu. A method of automated control and diagnostics of sprinkler firefighting system and internal firefighting water pipe: proceedings of the Scientific Research Papers (proceedings of the Youth Program of the 29th International Specialized Forum-Exhibition). Мoscow: Assotsiatsiya razrabotchikov, izgotoviteley i postavshchikov sredstv individualnoy zashchity, 2025. pp. 28–30. (In Russ.).