S.I. Protasov, Cand. Sci (Eng.), Dir., protasov@kuzbass-niiogr.ru Innovative firm KUZBASS-NIIOGR, Kemerovo, Russia A.S. Berezin, Assoc. Prof. A.I. Podgorny, Cand. Sci (Eng.), Assoc. Prof. Kuz GTU, Kemerovo, Russia V.V. Bilibin, Cand. Sci (Eng.), Assoc. Prof., Rostechnadzor, Moscow, Russia
One of the effective solutions on neutralizing spent gases of internal combustion engines are the units, in which the spent gases from the fuel combustion chamber in the engine pass through the blocks-carriers fabricated of special flameproof ceramics and consisting of a number of longitudinal cores-cells. On the surface of the cores-cells the thin layer of the substance — catalytic agents shall be applied — platinum and palladium, which fascilitate oxidation of the unburnt hydrocarbons. For diesel engines in which the CO content of the spent gases is very low, considerably big problems are created by NOx nitrogen oxides. Catalysts on recovery of nitrogen oxides using rhodium have a low service life, and in case of faulty fuel equipment and engine are failed almost instantaneously. Besides, the neutralizers create the increased resistance to the spent gases movement causing the need in accelerating the engine speed, thereby increasing the consumption of diesel fuel, and hence the emissions of hazardous substances to the atmosphere. The results of the earlier executed researches are considered, which showed that the installation of the expensive neutralizers containing platinum, palladium and rhodium does not allow to solve the problem of reducing harmful components in the spent gases of powerful quarry vehicles diesels, as they quickly fail in case of diesel and fuel equipment go out of service. Control and regulation system is proposed for diesel fuel equipment, which allows in case of timely regulation of fuel supply to ensure compliance of optical density (smokiness) of diesel spent gases with the requirements of domestic and European standards. The requirements of neutralizers presence at the querry vehicles are excluded from the safety rules. The researches fascilitaed to mobilize the efforts of the scientists and fabricators on improving diesels and fuel equipment design.
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