Safety of Industrial Activity at Locomotive Depot



Annotation:

The main factors are considered related to influencing the environment and human health of the production activities of a locomotive depot as one of the main structural units of railway transport. It is noted that the variety of technological processes at the locomotive enterprises causes a wide range of negative consequences for the health of employees and the ecology of adjacent residential areas. Industrial emissions from the locomotive depot enterprises are related to the priority ingredient air pollutants. They have a unidirectional effect, which significantly increases the risk to human health. 

The main technological processes affecting the state of atmospheric air in the depot territory include rheostat testing of locomotives, drying and filling of sand into locomotives, and combustion of organic fuel in the boiler rooms. The main measures to reduce the negative impact of these processes are analyzed from the point of view of the best available technologies.

The sources of air pollution in the working premises of locomotive depot enterprises are considered. It is noted that the greatest hazard to the employees of the enterprise is represented by the production areas where welding, gas-cutting and paintwork are carried out. Pollutants entering the environment from these areas lead to disruptions in the functioning of the human respiratory and circulatory systems, causing allergic, work-related and occupational diseases. Measures are proposed to bring the air in the working area to sanitary and hygienic standards. Special attention is paid to the organization of environmental control points in the areas with the largest multi-component emissions, both in the open area of the locomotive depot and in the industrial premises. This will allow to objectively and promptly assess the negative environmental effect, adjust environmental measures and as a result improve the environmental and industrial safety of the activity of this structural subdivision of the railway transport.

References:
1. Rychkov O.K., Meshkov M.V. Comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of the atmosphere in the area where a typical railway transport enterprise is located as the basis for the formation of a system for monitoring air pollution. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Vestnik of Orenburg State University. 2004. № 6. pp. 108–110. (In Russ.).
2. Atmospheric pollution. Information about unfavorable meteorological conditions (UMC) for the Sverdlovsk region. Available at: http://svgimet.ru/?page_id=573 (accessed: September 12. 2023). (In Russ.).
3. Palamarchuk N.V., Chernyak Yu.V., Gushchin A.M., Bondar E.A. Ways to reduce concentrations of harmful substances in the air at rheostatic testing points for diesel locomotives. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Donetskogo instituta zheleznodorozhnogo transporta = Collection of the scientific works of the Donetsk Institute of Railway Transport. 2010. № 21. pp. 170–172. (In Russ.).
4. On approval of temporary technical requirements «Sand for locomotive sandboxes»: Order of JSC Russian Railways of December 4, 2014 № 2851r. Available at: https://cssrzd.ru/orders/13486_rasporyazhenie_oao_rzhd_ot_04_12_2014_n_2851r_doc.php (accessed: September 12. 2023). (In Russ.).
5. Silica poisoning and the development of silicosis. Available at: https://meduniver.com/Medical/toksikologia/otravlenie_kremnezemom_i_silikoz.htmlMedUniver (accessed: September 12. 2023). (In Russ.).
6. Botanina E.V. Assessment of the impact of the locomotive depot on the residential area of the city. Epokha nauki = The era of science. 2019. № 20. pp. 305–307. (In Russ.).
7. Environmental strategy of JSC Russian Railways for the period up to 2020, and for the future until 2030. URL Available at: https://company.rzd.ru/ru/9353/page/105104?id=958 (accessed: September 12. 2023). (In Russ.).
8. Medvedeva V.M., Zubrev N.I. Organization of the environmental protection work at the railway transport enterprises. Moscow: UMTs ZhDT, 2014. 424 p. (In Russ.).
9. Solodskiy S.A., Lugovtsova N.Yu., Borisov I.S. Reduction of welding aerosols during arc welding of metals. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal prikladnykh i fundamentalnykh issledovaniy = International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. 2015. № 6 (Part 1). pp. 48–50. (In Russ.).
10. Grishagin V.M., Kiselev S.V., Filonov A.V. Air-handling equipment of welding production: status and prospects. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal prikladnykh i fundamentalnykh issledovaniy = International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. 2015. № 9 (Part 1). pp. 14–17. (In Russ.).
11. Filters for dry type spray booths. Available at: https://bi-teh.ru/biblioteka/filtry_pokrasochnyh_kamer/ (accessed: September 12. 2023). (In Russ.).
12. About the protection of atmospheric air: Federal Law of May 4, 1999 № 96-FZ. Available at: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_22971/ (accessed: September 12. 2023). (In Russ.).
13. Dourson M.L., Erdreich L.S. Using Human Data to Develop Risk Values. Human and Ecological Risk Assessmen. 2001. Vol. 7. Iss. 6. pp. 1583–1592.
14. Monssavi M., Hughes K. The impacts of environmental legislation and vehicle emissions on the future of alternative fuels in the transportation industry. Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences. 1992. № 19. pp. 1–6.
DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-10-64-70
Year: 2023
Issue num: October
Keywords : environment environmental safety air pollution employee health railway transport technological operations best available technologies locomotive depot
Authors:
  • Lugaskova N.V.
    Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Assoc. Prof., Ural State University of Railway Transport, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
  • Safronova E.B.
    Senior Lecturer, Ural State University of Railway Transport, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation