S.P. Dragan, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Laboratory Head, s.p.dragan@rambler.ru State Research Center — Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia V.N. Zinkin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Lead Researcher S.K. Soldatov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Lead Researcher Central Scientific-research Institute of the Air Force of Minoborony of Russia, Moscow, Russia V.V. Kharitonov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Senior Research Assistant M.V. Somov, Division Head A.A. Mishchenko, Engineering Test Pilot State Flight Test Center of MO RF Named After V.P. Chkalov, Akhtubinsk, Russia
The objective of the article is to study sound insulation of the cabins of maneuverable aircrafts in terms of ensuring acoustic safety for the professional activities of the flight team. It is shown that the main source of noise in the aircraft cabin during the flight are power plants. However, acoustic vibrations have not only aerodynamic origin, but also are caused by the appearance of structural noise produced by the operation of engines rigidly connected to the glider body. When examining the sound insulation of the aircraft cabin on the equivalent sound level, it is established that the value of this indicator ranges from 25 to 31 dBA, while in the low-frequency, infrasonic and high-frequency ranges the sound insulation reached the maximum values (32–45 dB), and in the mid-range did not exceed 30 dB. In the aircraft cabin the acoustic indicators reach maximum values (112–113 dBA) during take-off, while in the course of the horizontal flight at the specific altitude the noise in the aircraft cabin reaches 100 dBA, and infrasound —101 dB Lin. At the cockpit control station of the flight crew the equivalent sound level is 99 dBA, which is significantly higher than the maximum permissible levels (80 dBA): working conditions correspond to the harmful class of labor — 3.2. Equivalent total sound pressure level did not exceed the maximum permissible values for infrasound, which corresponds to the permissible class 2 on infrasound. It is shown that the flight crew has risks of development of noise pathology, primarily neurosensory hearing loss. The presence of the flying helmet with the flying personnel does not require using additional personal protective equipment against noise, since such a helmet in the frequency band from 125 to 8 thousand Hz ensures sound attenuation of not less than by 15–35 dB. It is shown that the sound insulation of the aircraft cabins of the maneuverable aviation during the flight with regard to infrasound and low frequencies is deteriorating, and with regard to medium and high frequency region it remains at the same level. The results of the studies justified that the cabins of the aircrafts of maneuverable aviation due to design features are well protected from external acoustic vibrations.
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