A.K. Arabsky, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy Chief Engineer OOO Gazprom Dobycha Yamburg, Novy Urengoy, Russia V.N. Bashkin, Dr. Sci. (Boil.), Prof., Chief Research Associate IFKHiBPP RAN, Pushino, Russia R.V. Galiulin, Dr. Sci. (Geogr.), Lead Researcher, rauf-galiulin@rambler.ru IFPB RAN, Pushino, Russia
An innovative technology for recultivation of the disturbed tundra soils is presented, which is being implemented at Tazov Peninsula (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District) in the area of OOO Gazprom Dobycha Yamburg fuctioning, where the following works are performed: geological prospecting works, development and new fields construction, gas and gas condensate production and preparation to transport. In the process of this kind of industrial activity it is possible that there may be mechanical effects on the soil and vegetation cover during traffic of the equipment related to exploration, drilling of wells and fields development. As a result, the tundra soils are partially or completely deprived of the vegetation cover and the organogenic layer, and the mineral underlying horizons are exposed on the daylight surface. For drastic solution of the problem of the disturbed tundra soils taking into account long-term studies the innovative technology of soil recultivation was developed, which is protected by the patents of invention of the Russian Federation. This technology consists of three stages including the list of the successively carried out operations. Among the latter are: preparation of the large-scale schematic map, selection of the representative soil and peat samples, determination of the total moisture capacity or granulometric composition depending on the relief of the terrain, calculation of the peat mass and disturbed soil, backfill of peat in the disturbed soil, seed sowing of perennial grasses and application of potassium humate (salts of humic acids) obtained from local peats. Care of the vegetation in the reculculated area is carried out using appropriate technologies and equipment. Successful implementation of this technology for recultivation of the disturbed tundra soils at Taz Peninsula was confirmed by way of comparative biochemical analysis of soil and peat samples, and the results of the vegetation experiment using peat, potassium humate, and also by cultivation of perennial grasses on the disturbed soil.
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