Geology of the coal deposit gases is determined by their gas saturation, age-old gas migration, gas content and gas permeability of coal and rock layers, the conditions of their occurrence, and other factors. The main gases of coal deposits are methane, the ignition temperature of which in the air varies between 650–750 °С, carbon monoxide (610–658 °С), hydrogen (530–590 °С), and hydrogen sulfide (290–320 °С). The processes of formation of explosive situations in the coal mines are much faster if there are hybrid mixtures in different combinations and volumes of methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, and fine coal dust in the mine atmosphere.

The intensity of methane and coal dust release in the conditions of coal mines during the destruction of the coal mass by the combine and the removal of dust by air flows flowing through the network of the workings is assessed. The content of other explosive substances and gas components in the coals that contribute to the formation of explosive situations in the faces or negatively affect the miners breathing is determined.

The content of petrographic groups of vitrinite and fusinite, semivitrinite and leiptinite in coals, and the release of volatile substances determines the intensity of methane release into the mine atmosphere. Every fifth or seventh explosion of methane and fine dust occurs from friction sparking during the friction of the incisors of the combine actuating device with inclusions of sulfur-containing pyrite. The burning time of which is ten times longer than the time of existence of a red-hot trace formed during the interaction of the incisors of the combine actuating device with hard rocks, including pyrite. The presence of hydrogen sulfide-containing substances in the coal gives hydrogen sulfide a leading place in the process of formation of explosive situations from friction sparking in the coal mines of Kuzbass and Vorkuta.